The Descriptive characteristics of children - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theDifferent characteristics related to treatment in the child suffering from Autism Spectrum Disorder. Answer: Introduction: Autism is a type of mental disorder in which the person faces difficulty while engaging in social communication and interacting with other people. It is characterized by continual impairments that start in early childhood and have a big impact. An individual suffering from autism displays different behavioral presentations with each other and shows different interests and preferences to activities. On a larger scale, individuals who are suffering from this disease are constantly facing difficulties on a regular basis. In addition, impairments of the brain and ability to converse effectively may also be present. These factors could possibly hinder their activities of daily living. According to statistics from the National Institute of Mental Health, every 1 in 110 children is affected by Autism (2016). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is termed as neurodevelopmental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. They are categorized into various degrees of impairments in social interactions, communication skills, and different behavior patterns. ASD can be detected in the children within the age group of 18 months to 3 years. According to various studies, it can be detected at the age of 1 or less. Any child must be evaluated by a specialized professional if exhibitions of symptoms of ASD are evident. Abnormal behavior in infants is usually first detected by their respective parents. Physically, a baby who is suspected of ASD may behave differently even from birth. The baby may not respond to people or may seem either engaged or fixated on a particular object for a period of time. Babies presenting with abnormal mental development is usually an indication of ASD. For instance, when a baby becomes inactive and behaves differently towards the social activities. This must be taken seriously and the parents should start consulting a professional. It was mentioned in the National Institutes of Health, that the parents are generally right about finding the abnormalities or developmental problems in the child as they stay with them throughout the day (2011). The rationale of the study: No research was done for ASD until 1987. In 2001, the research was conducted and took a long period of time. In Singapore, more diagnostic and educational services were developed for children with ASD in the year 2005. As the frequency of ASD in Asia is constantly rising it is essential to conduct studies in order to explore the possible factors associated with the child diagnosed with ASD as well as their parents and help to minimize the symptoms and maximize their abilities. Literature review this is actually comparing the 3 or 5 articles' results that you have. Specify shape but study, what type of study done, brave subject, what the statistics are, and what their conclusion is. Use words like however in between 2 articles if u 1 2 make a comparison. Article 1 and 2 1 theme. Article 2 and 31 themes. Reviewed Articles Physiology and behavior your whole literature review for this is you telling what they use, this should be under your instrumentation. Coz its what u will be using as a measurement for your study (i tink lah). It is a disease that lasts for a lifelong affecting an individual's communication ability. The person suffering from ASD has lesser IQ and has indifferent behavior towards social activities. ASD comprises of childhood disorder, autism, and Asperger syndrome. Poor skills, the problem in communication, less response and problem in eye contact are some of the common symptoms. The symptoms are also not always visible in the same way. Different cases might have different symptoms that can range from mild to severe. However genetic character and other environmental behavior are the factors that have a great impact on the presence of the disorder. In the US, every 1 in 68 children is identified with the disorder of ASD, as reported by the CDC (Centres of Disease Control and Prevention). According to the 2010 report by the CDC, it was found that ASD is more common in males (1 in 42) than females (1 in 189).The WHO reports estimate that every 1 in 160 children are the victims of ASD and compr ises of 0.3% of the global pressure of this disorder. The existence of this disorder is still not clear in middle-income countries; the existence of Autism is higher than that of developing countries. As per 2002 reports, there were 42,500 undiagnosed cases of ASD. In UAE, there are more male victims and in Saudi Arabia, the numbers of cases are still not addressed (Al Shirian and Al Dera, 2015). This study investigates the behavior of the Autism children and how to diagnose it. The situation is not the same, it is progressing with time. In order to assess the child's symptoms and manage the disorder with time, Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist can be used as a tool for the treatment. This can help in improvement of the autistic patients who are enrolled in various centers. Patterns of Participation in Daily Physical and Play Activities Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) indicates several neurodevelopmental impairments which may end in impairments in motor or physical activities. Daily physical activity involvement was investigated in a total of 83 children (52 boys and 31 girls) with ASD aged 615 years. Results indicated that only 10 (12%) of children with ASD were physically active. Children were predominantly engaged in solitary play rather than social play activities. Gender, family income, and household structure were found to be associated with activity scores. Financial burden and lack of opportunities were noted as the leading barriers to physical activities. In conclusion, findings indicated a low rate of physical activity participation in children with ASD that is closely associated with socio-demographic variables. People suffering from Autism face difficulty in social gatherings, in maintaining a peer relationship with their age group. Young people are generally advised to participate in sports and other outdoor activities but children with Autism are unable to participate in outdoor games and activities. They remain indoors and spend their time in passive play. It minimises the opportunities for the children to participate in extracurricular activities and keeps them away from various recreation program. Obesity and overweight are the two conditions which are generally associated with this disorder. In order to improve the condition of their situation, rehabilitation services are given to them from an early age only. A recent study indicated that children suffering from this disorder tend to have lower scores in well-being and satisfaction is also correlated with this term. Daily physical activities play a vital job in the growth of a child. It prevents them from being alone and also influenc es the well-being of an individual. Because of the lack of studies, assessment of the daily activities and the impact of the environmental factors on their physical activity could not be investigated (Memari et al., 2015). A recent study suggests that maximum children with ASD have lesser physical activities. Many studies reported that the inactiveness is found in them due to the presence of weaknesses. Low self-esteem, emotional impairments are some of the factors which are usually seen in them. Data from other developing countries revealed that lack of understanding, financial complaints were also found in the samples of ASD. Some barriers like the financial crisis and time constraints were some reasons of why the children suffering from this disorder could not participate in physical activities. The families of the victims go through great difficulties and they have a financial burden on them too (Memari et al., 2015). Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders In 2007, a research was done for the early diagnosis of ASD in children. The diagnosis involved various presentations by professionals. To prevent the occurrence of misdiagnosing ASD, the national clinical guidelines have provided clinicians with a standard guideline for diagnosing the child. A proper assessment of the diagnosis must be created after a detailed history of the activities of the child, interview of the caretaker of the particular child and clinical observations (Poon, Koh and Magiati, 2013). The developmental history is taken into account for the clear understanding and for better diagnosis. The delays in the diagnosis in the ASD cases were generally because the parents were unable to detect the signs in their children at an early stage. Even it becomes difficult for the clinician to present the report of the victims and their parent's also to suffer. The parents consult a number of professionals before the confirmation of the ASD in their child. It can take a time of around three years for the confirmation. They are satisfied with the diagnosis especially when they have consulted a number of professionals for the diagnosis. A good relationship between the professional and the parents can prove fruitful and helpful in creating a perfect report. Parents are satisfied only when they are able to conduct a Question and Answer session with the professionals and also expect them to be honest and open-minded regarding the case. The vice versa applies to the professionals too. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) is used to perform all the analyses. To discover relationships between the diagnostic process, parental contentment and the severity of the disorder, Pearson's correlation was adopted. The cases which missed the complete data were prorated (Autism Research Institute, 2017). Research gap: The several limitations are: Firstly, neuron typical control group was not included in the study as it would be helpful to compare between children with ASD in the participation of physical activity. Secondly, the tools that were used to evaluate autism treatment are not comprehensive enough to diagnose and measure the severity of autism at an early stage. Finally, the comparison is made between neurotypical control groups. There were numerous studies that are conducted related to evidence based on children with autism and their behavior and how their parents are coping. However, there is no study of this nature conducted in Singapore to assess the impact of social variables on parental aspiration or comparison between the neurotypical control group and children with ASD in Singapore. Purpose of the study Purpose of the study is for parents with autism children to understand the variables and factors associated with the term ASD. Proper research and knowledge are still not accessible to the parents of children with ASD. The studies seem to be new and less established. This study is to provide proper knowledge and facts to them. The study mainly aimed at understanding and investigating the aspects of ASD from the viewpoint of those affected by the disorder and their parents. Proper communication between the professionals and the victims led to lower stress levels. Parents are totally satisfied with this collaboration and find it easy to provide information regarding their child. According to the survey in 2001, it was found that parents noticed the symptoms of ASD on an average of 28 months. In Singapore, the parents are a bit late in recognizing the problem in their child. The main reason behind this might be the good behavior of the child (Autism Speaks, 2017). Hypothesis Identification of ASD is done in an early age of eighteen months to eight years old child. It becomes easy to diagnose the disorder as early as possible because it would be difficult after a certain age.The parents of the ASD victims who receive professional guidance and follow their instructions are likely to benefit more than the ones who are reluctant to contact the professionals (Autism, 2000). Research Design A detailed history of the patients and discussions with their parents must be conducted before taking proper steps for the treatment of a disorder. Control group would be supervised by the professionals if children are diagnosed with ASD during the course of study.The professionals would engage in the betterment of the children by engaging them in outdoor sports and other extracurricular activities. The use of medication and physical exercise must be a crucial part. Sample Characteristics Sampling Methods The parental survey was used as one of the methods. This method imposes queries on the parents of the children suffering from ASD. They take the information of the time at which ASD was detected. The data is collected by a number of the families. Sample size: About 50-60 subjects will be considered for this study. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Inclusion criteria: Children between the age group of 3 to 10 are seen to be the sufferers. It is important for the parents to keep a close watch on their babies at an early diagnosis, as it can save a child. The disorder must be detected at an early age. According to a research, it was found that male children suffer more than the females. Exclusion criteria: It is very difficult to diagnose the problem at an adult age. ASD is more easily detectable at an early age whose impact worsens with age. References Al Shirian, S. and Al Dera, H. (2015). Descriptive characteristics of children with autism at Autism Treatment Center, KSA. Physiology Behavior, 151, pp.604-608. Autism. (2000). Overview of Autism. Retrieved 8 December 2017 from https://www.verywell.com/autism-4014759 Autism Research Institute. (2017). Overview of autism. Retrieved 8 December 2017 from https://www.autism.com/pro_research Autism Speaks. (2017). retrieved 8 December 2017 from https://www.autismspeaks.org/research National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d). ASD. Retrieved 8 December 2017 from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/autism-spectrum-disorders-asd/index.shtml National Institutes of Health. (n.d). ASD. Retrieved 8 December 2017 from https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/Pages/default.aspx Poon, K. K., Koh, L. and Magiati, I. (2013). Parental perspectives on the importance and likelihood of adult outcomes for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, Intellectual Disabilities or Multiple Disabilities. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7(2), pp.382-390. Research autism. (n.d).Improving the quality of life. Retrieved 8 December 2017 from https://researchautism.net/ Thurm, A., Swedo, S. E. (2012). The importance of autism research. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 14(3), 219222.